BLACK TETRA [GYMNOCORYMBUS TERNETZI] [CHARACIDAE]

After a short break I will continue to inform you about aquarium fishes starting with Black Tetra.

General Specifications

Latin Name: Gymnocorymbus ternetzi.

Geographic Origin: South America, Amazon River, Negro river, Argentine river.

Living Area: Small, slow-flowing rivers, particularly dangling tree branches and shrubs.

Nutrition Format: They show more interest in plant foods than other tetra species. For this reason, vegetable feeding should not be neglected as much as it feeds on animal foods.

Behavior: Peaceful

Behavior to Their Type: Peaceful

Swimming Level: Medium-Surface

Gender Discrimination: Sex discrimination is not easy. If reproduction is considered, it should be taken in groups. Females are bigger, have longer fins. Men's colors are darker.

Reproduction 

Spreading eggs. It's easy. The temperature is 28-30 ° C. Eggs can be prevented from ejaculating by stretching the bottom web. After breeding, the adult fish should definitely take another aquarium. The offspring come out from the egg 18-36 hours. After a few days they start swimming freely. For the first few days, the offspring must feed on infuseria. Then you can use microworm and artemia. Aquariums should be as dark as possible because they are sensitive to light and eggs.

Living Medium

Temperature: 23 - 28 ° C

Maximum Sizes: 6 cm.

Water Hardness: 2 - 20 ° d

pH: 5.5 - 7.0

General Comments: 

It should be viewed in at least six groups as it is in all tetra groups. When they feed in the form of herds, the fish are the ones that can get very comfortable. They are durable fish when appropriate water conditions are met. They can be seen in bituminous aquariums. Next to the plants, mangrove roots and hiding places should be formed. The level of the plants should be up to the level of love that this swim is swimming in. In the habitat, it is made to look at an aquarium where the plants are floating in the light current and the light is formed by the shadows.

GIANT HATCHETFISH [GASTEROPELECIDAE] [THORACOCHARAX SECURIS]

General Specifications

Latin Name: Thoracocharax Securis.

Geographic Origin: Central Amazon Region
Living Area: Fast flowing planted waters.

Nutrition Format: Carnivorous. Small live feeds and dry feed which plenty of protein should be given.

Behavior: Peaceful

Behavior to Their Type: Peaceful

Swimming Level: Surface

Gender Discrimination: Men's are bigger.

Reproduction

No specific information

Living Medium

Temperature: 23 ° C to 30 ° C

Maximum Sizes: 9 cm.

Water Hardness: Soft - Medium

pH: 6.0 - 7.5

General Comments: They should be fed with at least 6 doses. They are splashed very well, so that the aquarium should be covered well. Their life span is 5 years.

Stress in aquarium.

What is Stress?

Most fish are animals that can adapt to most of conditions, but this does not mean that they can live as healthy as their habitats in any environment. If you feed it on inappropriate conditions, but the body functions of the fish slow down or speed up to ensure that this life is sustainable. This function change is called stress. Stress reduces the resistance of the fish to diseases and prevents the fish from treating itself in situations such as injuries. On top of all this, stress can lead to respiratory problems in fish. Stress at a given level may be treatable and not fatal, but stress in high parameters can be absolutely fatal.

What are the causes of stress?

1. It is a source of stress that the value per liter of water per fish in the tank is less than the fish needs.
2. The water pH and kH state is not a type of stress source.
3. Some species live in salt water in small quantities, while others can not. The mistake in salt balance is a source of stress.
4. Feeding peaceful and aggressive species together is a source of stress.
5. Untreated water use is a source of stress.
6. Sudden changes in water conditions are a source of stress.
7. The species that show herd life are stress sources only.
8. The amount of oxygen dissolved in water is a source of stress.
9. It is a source of stress that the content of feed and nutrients used is not suitable.
10. High drug use is a source of stress.
11. The increase in ammonia, nitrite and nitrate in the water is a source of stress.
12. It is a source of stress that the gore is high to low on the type you are fed by your water temperature.

What are the stress statements?

Briefly, we can say fish behavior disorders. I felt the need to expand this brief summary so that I could make a diagnosis in individuals who did not know the normal behavior of the fish.

1. If the fish is standing on the surface of the water trying to breathe
2. If fish are constantly hiding
3. If open wounds are not healing, if fins are melting
4. If there is external parasitic disease in the fish, it is highly probable that your fish has stress.

How is stress relieved?

It is more difficult to relief stress than obstruction. In short, it is necessary to prevent the stress conditions that I gave above 12 items. After the strase is inserted, it is again determined which of the above 12 items is the stress source and then it is treated by eliminating this source.

Angelfish [Pterophyllum Scalare]

General Specifications

Latin Name: Pterophyllum scalare.

Geographic Origin: Colombia, Suriname, French Guyana, Peru and Brazil. Rio Oyapock, Rio Essequibo, Rio Ucayali, Rio SolimÃμes and the main Amazon basin. It is also found in various rivers in the Amapá region of Brazil.
Living Area: Swamps or submerged areas live in clean or clayey waters where the aquatic or riverside vegetation cover is intense. The colors become darker in clean waters.

Nutrition Format: Both carnivorous and herbivorous. They are predominantly fed with small crustaceans such as Zoobentosa and other aquatic invertebrates. Unlike their ancestors, angels raised in an aquarium environment accept scales and granules. They also like live and frozen food.

Behavior: Moderate aggressive.

Behavior to Their Type: Moderate aggressive.

Swimming Level: Medium - Surface

Gender Discrimination: Men's heads are more humbling. A definite distinction can be made at the time of tube removal. The tube of the men is thinner and pointed; The womens are thicker and rounded.

Reproduction

Flat eggs on a vertical surface, a large plant leaf, mother and father protect the eggs together. Putting 10-15 fish together for breeding and choosing a partner from them will increase the likelihood of success.

Living Medium

Temperature: 24 ° C to 30 ° C

Maximum Sizes: 10 cm.

Minimum Aquarium Capacity: 1150 liters, the height of the aquarium should be at least 40 cm.

Water Hardness: 0 - 15 ° dH (Very Soft - Hard)

pH: 6.0 - 7.4

General Comments: They are flashy fish. Most hobbyists feed in the aquarium. They are not dangerous for the fish of the length that you can not hunt. Great Angels swallow small fish like Neon. There are angels in many different colors and body forms. It is not appropriate to look with species such as guppy, Japanese fish. In good condition they grow rapidly. It is not recommended to feed with discus. Aquariums can be planted with plants such as Echinodorus. They enjoy the low-calm waters. In addition to the standard silver variety, there are a number of varieties such as black, gold and koi.

Yucatan Molly [Poecilia Velifera] [Poeciliidae]

General Specifications

Latin Name: Poecilia velifera.

Geographic Origin: Central America, Mexico, Yukatan.

Nutrition Format: Both carnivorous and herbivorous. Small creatures and algae on the water.

Behavior: Moderate aggressive.

Behavior to Their Type: Only 1 male is recommended in the aquarium.

Swimming Level: Medium - Surface

Gender Discrimination: Men are more colorful and upper fins are more advanced. Men have gonopods.

Reproduction

Live birth (with the tearing of the egg immediately after it has left the belly of the fish).

Living Medium

Temperature: 25 ° C to 28 ° C

Maximum Sizes: 15 cm.

Minimum Aquarium Capacity: 100 liters. Tanks of at least 300 liters are required to reach large dimensions.

Water Hardness: 13 - 19 ° dH

pH: 7.5 - 8.0

General Comments: The water of the aquariums should be bitter because they live close to the parts where the river flows into the sea. Throwing a tea spoon salt into 50 liters will provide both bitter water conditions and will also make the fish resistant to the mantle and white bean. In the aquarium, 3 female and 1 male are recommended. When more than 2 males are placed, the dominant male can crush other velifera. Their reproduction is a little tougher than the other live births, the offspring can be fed with artemia and powdered feed. The male's back fins are very important for fish during the reproduction period, and in small volume aquariums, the fish do not develop this fin.

Pterois Volitans [SCORPAENIDAE] [LIONFISH]

General Specifications

Latin Name: Pterois Volitans

Geographic Origin: Western Pacific.

Nutrition Format: Carnivorous. Small fish, shrimp, frozen baits.

Behavior: Moderate aggressive. Most of the time a fish is peaceful but hunters will hunt small fish.

Behavior to Their Type: Moderately aggressive

Gender Discrimination: It is difficult to determine the difference between male and female.

Reproduction

Male fish live with harem. A male mates with many female. They spawn in the evening after an all-day courtship. They leave about 2000 eggs and that eggs can be found in the form of a few artillery. The offspring will be released within 36 hours. The calves are fed with plankton.

Living Medium

Light: Normal
Salinity: 1025
Temperature: 22 ° C - 28 ° C

Maximum Sizes: 38 cm.
Minimum Aquarium Capacity: 300 liters

Reef Compatibility: Compatible, attention should be paid to nitrates.

pH: 8.2 - 8.5

General Comments: These fish has very interesting looking. They are touted as nitrate bombs, also they eat too much and grow more in the aquarium. That causes pollution in aquarium, because of that if you feed lionfish, you must check regularly quality of water. They hunt small fish and shrimp in the tank. You must be very careful while feeding and moving because their spines are poisonous. They are more active in night.

What you need for a good goldfish aquarium?

I started to write this blog to give you information about specification of fresh and saltwater species. If you have an aquarium you must know that lots of thing about your fish to ensure them good living medium.

As you know that goldfishes are one of the most popular aquarium fish. I gived general information about goldfish and 7 common misconception about them before. And now I will inform you about "What you need for a good goldfish aquarium?"

What you need for a good goldfish aquarium?

What is the size of a good golfish aquarium?

As I talked that before, keeping golfish in a bowl is one of the biggest mistake. They need space in aquarium because of that for each goldfish you need to at least 40 liters aquarium. I recommend that keeping them as a pair. Hereunder, if you want to keep goldfish you must have at least 80 liters aquarium.

Is the filtration necessary for a good goldfish aquarium?

Yes, it is obligatory. Because, goldfishes produce lots of waste and its easily poison water quality. If you want to keep your fish healty, your aquarium must have a good filtration system. Bio-wheel filtration is recommended. In addtion, filtration system must cycle twice whole water in aquarium.

Which heating system is required for a good goldfish aquarium?

Goldfishes are durable fishes. But you need to careful about temperature of aquarium. It is recommended that placing a small heater to aquarium.

Which gravel and decorations must be placed in a good goldfish aquarium?

They are herbivorous, so if you keep them in real planted aquarium they will eat all plant. You can use plastic plant, but quality of this plant is important. Some low quality aquarium decorations may poison the water. 

Goldfishes are scavengers and they tend to put gravel in their mouth. Therefore, you must land gravel to aquarium. Size of gravel is important, they must be big enough and rounded to protect goldfish to choke. 

What is the other important point for a good goldfish aquarium?

A good air pump is also important for a good goldfish aquarium. And if you keep goldfish having water test kit is recommended. In addition, aquarium must be lighted with lamp that not produce too much heat.